Duplex needle



K. L. COOLEY DUPLEX NEEDLE Nov. 15, 1938.

Filed Sept. 17,193? I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. firmezZ/l. 6 002934-ATTORNEYS Nov. 15, 1938. KL. COOLEY- 2,137,132

DUPLEX NEEDLE Filed Sept. 17, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 n INVENTOR.

'fizb ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE 1 Claim.

This invention deals with the irradiation of blood and other liquids,and provides a novel and advantageous method for accomplishingirradiation, and simplified and satisfactory appa- 5 ratus for thispurpose.

An object of the invention is the provision oi an improved needle foruse in securing blood or other liquids from the body of a human being oranimal.

To these and other ends the invention resides in certain improvementsand combinations of parts, all as will be hereinafter more fullydescribed, the novel features being pointed out in the claim at the endof the specification.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a rear elevation of apparatus made in accordance with apreferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the improved needle of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line of Fig. 2, on an enlargedscale;

Fig. 4 is a. longitudinal section through the needle, with the styletteremoved;

Fig. 5 is a section through a fragment of the sharp end of the needle,on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 6 is an end view oi the needle viewed from the sharp end, and

Fig. 7 is a side view of the stylette.

The same reference numerals throughout several views indicate the sameparts.

In the preferred form of apparatus of which the needle of the presentinvention forms a part, intended especially for treatment of humanbeings, the apparatus is mounted upon a bench or table 21 supported fromlegs 23 at its opposite side edges, the legs being spaced suflicientlyfar apart so that they may straddle the body of a person of normal size.Thus, when the patient lies preferably in a recumbent or semi-recumbentposition, the table 2! is placed over him, with the long axis of thetable extending crosswise of the'body, and with the legs 23 extendingdown at the sides of the body, into contact with a suit-. ablesupporting surface.

Upon the table 2i are mounted supporting standards 25, 21, 29, 3i, and33, having notches in their upper surfaces for receiving tubes or hoses.

The blood or other liquid to be treated is led from the source of supplythrough a conduit 4!, which may, for example, be a small rubber tube, tothe irradiating container or receptacle indicated in general by thenumeral 45. This irradi- 5 ating receptacle comprises a stem ll havingthe so the major portion of its length formed in spiral convolutions,preferably in a flat or plane spiral.

Extensions or nipples 5i and 53 communicate respectively with the outerend ofthe stem 41 on opposite sides of a central partition therein (notshown). v

The stem Al, or at least the spiral part thereof, is made of somematerial which is transparent to ultra-violet light rays or otherirradiating rays of the type with which this irradiating container is tobe employed. Preferably quartz is the material from which the spiralportion of the stem 41 is constructed, although, if desired, it may bemadeof any special glass or glass-like substance which is transparent tothe desired irradiating rays.

The tube 4! connected to the source of supply of the blood or otherliquid to be treated, passes over the top of the standard 25 and is heldby the clamping device thereon, and is connected to the nipple 5i of theirradiating container it. The nipples 5i and 53 of this container reston the tops of the standards 21 and 29 and are held by the clampingdevices thereon, with the container 45 in an upright position, that is,with the spiral portion arranged above the nipples 5i and 53 and withthe axis of the spiral approximately horizontal, as shown. The liquidsupplied by the tube 4| enters the nipple 5i, flows into the stem 41 onthe first side of the partition 43, through the entire length of thestem to the end of the spiral, then back through the stem on the secondside of the partition, and to the nipple 53, from which it is dischargedinto a suitable conduit Gl, such as a rubber hose distended over andconnected to the end of the nipple 53. This hose Bi is supported by thestandards 3! and 33 and held by the clamping means mounted on thosestandards. The hose leads to the desired delivery point of the liquidbeing treated.

If gravity alone, or if the pressure of the source from which the liquidis supplied, is insufiiclent to insure proper flow of liquid through theapparatus, pumping means may be employed. When the apparatus is to beused in the treatment of human beings, pumping means is preferablyemployed in any event, in order to provide a metered or measured rate offlow of the liquid, so that the quantity treated and the degree oftreatment may be regulated. Any convenient form of metering pump may beused, its details not being specifically disclosed. Between thestandards 31 and 33, the rubber tube 8| passes through a pump casingbetween the bottom part The main pump operating gear 9| is driven fromany suitable source of power such as an :3 electric motor (not shown)controlled from a control box 99 and supplied with current from anysuitable source by an electric cord I03.

A reflector I35 is provided behind the irradiating container 65, thereflector preferably being in the form of an upstanding sheet of metalhaving a brightly polished surface on that side thereof which is towardthe container 45 and the lamp. The reflector I35 may be made ofstainless steel or may have chromium plating or other nontarnishingmaterial on its surface.

The present invention provides an improved needle for use in withdrawingblood-from a body, which needle is especially adapted for use with theirradiating apparatus above mentioned, but which is also useful wheneverblood is to be withdrawn, whether or not it is to be irradiated.

The improved needle comprises, an outer tube i5I having a sharplybeveled end I53 for insertion into the flesh, the other end of the tubebe- .11 ing expanded as at I55 to fit tightly into afemale connectionmember I51 rigidly secured in fluidtight manner on the end of the tube.Within this outer tube I5! is a smaller tube IGI occupying but a part ofthe cross section at the interior :J) of the outer tube. This inner tubehas one end closed at I63 by a solid plate inclined to corre spond tothe angle at which the end i 53 of the outer tube is beveled. Justwithin the openend of the outer tube and. the closed end of the inner :3tube, the inner tube is provided with an undercut nick or groove I65forming an opening. The opposite end of the tube I St is bent at anangle to the main length thereof and extends out through the side of thetube i5I, as shown in Fig. 4, and is expandedat I61? to make it engagewith the female connection member I69 which is rigidly secured inliquid-tight manner to the portion I 61 of the inner tube, and to theouter surface of the outer tube. A guard member or thumb piece I'llsurrounds the outer tube and is rigidly secured thereto near theconnection member I69.

A stylette I having a knob IT! at one end may be inserted in the spacebetween the outer tube HI and the inner tube I6I. When the stylette isin place within the needle, the knob I11 fits tightly against theconnecting member I51, and the length of the stylette extends throughthe needle to the beveled end H53, the end of the stylette beingcorrespondingly beveled to be flush with the beveled end of the needlewhen the stylette is fully inserted. That portion of the length of thestylette which lies alongside the inner tube I 6| when the stylette isfully inserted, is

- formed with a groove on one side, to make room for the inner tube IGI,as indicated in Fig. 3..

To use this needle for withdrawing blood, the

sharp end is thrust into the flesh by pressure conveniently exertedagainst the member I'll,

'3 in position to pass into a vein, artery, or other desired part of thecirculatory system. The stylette may be removed from the needle prior toinsertion in the flesh or may remain in the needle until afterinsertion. A suitable solution, such gas a saline solution or a sodiumcitrate solution, for example, is introduced into the connection I69-ofthesmall tube of the needle, and flows along this tube to the openingI65, being unable tov escape from the tube until it reaches thisopening. The rate of flow of the solution is determined by the size ofthis opening and by the hydrostatic head under which the solution issupplied to the needle. If more difierent rates of flow of solution arerequired than can be obtained conveniently by raising or lowering thesolution receptacle to vary the hydrostatic head, the physician may beprovided with a series of these needles, substantially identical witheach other except that they have different sized openings M55. Thesolution passes through the opening I55 into the larger tube and aidsthe flow of blood back through the larger tube from the sharp endthereof to the connection i5l, which is connected to a rubber tube orany other suitable conduit through which the mixture of blood andsolution flows away to the desired point. Thus the improved needle ofthe present invention may be used advantageously whenever it is desiredto withdraw blood or other liquid from a body, irrespective of whetheror not such liquid is to be irradiated, but the needle is especiallyuseful in connection with the present irradiating method and apparatus.

In using the apparatus for irradiating blood of a person and introducingthe irradiated blood immediately into the body of the same person,-

the apparatus may be connected up in the man ner shown in Fig. 1. Thecontainer or receptacle shown diagrammatically at I8I contains thesaline solution, sodium citrate solution, or other desired solutionwhich is to be used in aiding the flow of blood. This container isconnected by the rubber hose or other suitable flexible conduit I83 to anipple inserted in the connecting member I69 of the needle. In the otherconnection 65'! of the needle there is inserted a nipple to which i:-connected the hose or other conduit ll 4 leading to the irradiatingchamber 45. One or more glass or other transparent sections I81 may beinserted at suitable points in the hose II, for the purpose of observingthe flow of liquid therethrough.

The hose ti, which may also have one or more glass or other transparentsections I89 therein for observation purposes, is connected to a needleI9! which may be made of a single tube having a sharp beveled end, nosecond or inner tube being necessary.

With the patient placed in a recumbent or semi-recumbent position, andwith the table 2i extending across the patients body near the middlethereof, the needle I Si is properly inserted into the circulatorysystem of the patient at any suitable point, such as in the patientsright arm. The needle i9! is inserted in the patients circulatory systemat any other desired point such as in the patients left arm. Then whenthe pump is started and the irradiating lamp is turned on, solution willflow from the container I8I into the duplex needle, and will mix withthe blood by passing through the opening I65, and the mixture of bloodand solution will pass out from the needle through the tube 8i into andthrough the irradiating chamber 45, where the liquid will be irradiated.After passing completely through the irradiating chamber and beingirradiated to the desired extent, the liquid will move past the pump,which regulates or meters the rate of flow, and through the tube GI, andback into the patients body through the needle I 9| When initiallystarting operation, the tube 6i may be disconnected from the needle I9Iuntil the flow commences, .thus clearing trapped air from all parts ofthe apparatus and preventing air bubbles I from entering the patientsbody with the returned blood. Suitable sanitary precautions areobserved, of course, as will be understood by all physicians.

If it is desired to irradiate the patients blood and then hold it forfurther treatment instead of returning it directly to the patient'sbody, the apparatus may be used in the way just described except thatthe tube 6| would lead to any desired receptacle or container forholding the irradiated blood, instead of leading to a needle inserted inthe patient's body. If it is desired to irradiate blood previouslyobtained from any source, instead of irradiating it as it is withdrawnfrom the body, the tube ll may be connected to the receptacle orcontainer in which the blood to be irradiated is located, instead ofbeing connected to the needle l5l. After the blood has been irradiatedand has entered the tube 8|, it may then pass directly into the body ofthe patient to be supplied with this blood, as through the needle IN, orit may pass .into another receptacle or container to be transferredlater to the patient. If thisapparatus is used as part of a bloodtransfusion, the needle Iii will be inserted in the body of the donor,while the needle l9! will be inserted in the body of the donee patient,and the blood 01 the donor will be suitably irradiated as it passes tothe body of the donee.

The extent of irradiation produced upon the blood or other liquid beingirradiated can be readily controlled by means of the various adjustmentsabove mentioned, to produce whatever eifect may be desired by theattending physician.

I claim:

A duplex needle for use in withdrawing blood from a body, said needleincluding an outer tube having one end bevelled to a relatively sharppoint for insertion into the body, an inner tube within said outer tubeand extending substantially to said bevelled end of saidouter tube, saidinner tube occupying less than the entire cross sectional area withinthe outer tube so as to leave a. space for flow of liquid along saidouter tube between it and the inner tube, means closing that end of saidinner tube which is adjacent said bevelled end of said outer tube, meansforming a lateral opening in said inner tube leading into the spacebetween said inner tube and said outer tube at a point near saidbevelled end of said outer tube, inlet connection means associated withthe end of said inner tube remote from said bevelled end, so that ablood diluting solution may be introduced into said inner tube, andoutlet connection means associated with the end or said outer tuberemote from said bevelled end, so that a mixture of blood and dilutingsolution may flow out from said outer tube through said outletconnection means.

KENNETH L. COOLEY.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 2,157,132.

November 1 5, 1958 v v KIEHN ETH L. COOL-El.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed'specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2,first column, line 2, for the word "ball" read bail; andline 7, afterthe manor al and period "105." insert the following paragraph Theirradiating source itself may be of any suitable knom construction, somounted as to irradiate the'spiral portion of the container 11,5.

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correctiontherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this 27th day of December, A. D. 1958.

(Seal) Henry Van Arsdale Acting Commissioner df Patents.

